What Are Behaviours of Concern?
You may have heard the term “behaviours of concern” used in disability support settings, but it’s often misunderstood. Within the NDIS (National Disability Insurance Scheme) and by the NDIA (National Disability Insurance Agency), this term describes behaviours that impact a person’s safety, wellbeing, or participation and also affect those around them.
What Is a Behaviour of Concern?
According to the NDIS, a behaviour of concern is any behaviour that:
Places the person or others at risk of harm
Significantly reduces the person’s quality of life
Limits their participation in everyday activities or ability to access the community
It is important to highlight that this definition does not include behaviours that are simply different from social norms, particularly in neurodiverse individuals. A behaviour is not considered of concern unless it compromises safety, participation, or quality of life.
In neurodiversity affirming practice, we recognise that behaviours which may seem unusual or unexpected are often meaningful, purposeful, and part of how a person experiences or interacts with the world.
What Might These Behaviours Look Like?
Examples of behaviours of concern include:
Aggression towards others (for example hitting or kicking)
Self-injury (such as head banging or biting oneself)
Damaging property
Running away or absconding
Repetitive yelling or screaming
Refusal to follow instructions where safety is at risk
These behaviours are not about being “bad” or “naughty.” They are often a person’s way of communicating distress, sensory overload, pain, or a need that is not being met. When we reframe them as communication, we open up opportunities for more compassionate and effective support.
Why Language and Approach Matter
The term “behaviour of concern” is intentionally used to shift the conversation away from blame or labels and toward understanding. It helps teams, families, and professionals ask: What is this behaviour trying to tell us? What is going on for this person?
The NDIS encourages a Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) framework. This evidence-based approach focuses on:
Understanding the function or purpose of the behaviour
Creating strategies that are person centred and respectful
Reducing behaviours by addressing the underlying cause
Teaching new skills to improve the person’s quality of life
Reframing Behaviour
When a behaviour is of concern, it is a signal that something is not working well for the person. Rather than reacting with punishment or disapproval, we aim to respond with curiosity, empathy, and support.
With the right strategies, respectful collaboration, and a focus on strengths, individuals can be supported to thrive in safe, inclusive environments.
If you’re supporting someone with behaviours of concern and want to better understand their needs, our team is here to help. Get in touch to learn more about how we can work together.
This post is for informational purposes and should not replace indivdualised assessment or advice. If you are concerned about behaviours in a child, please reach out to a qualified allied health professional.
